Governance research: Governance & Public Policy · Research Methodology · Sources & Attribution · Corrections & Updates
Historical policy debates, Chinese democratic and civic criticism, support, reform proposals and alternatives, preserved with attribution and later evidence.
Articles
Evidence-based studies of China’s major policy decisions from the 1950s through 2020 — and the democratic, civic, and scholarly responses they drew. Each article preserves the policy record, the responses, and the sources, with all positions attributed rather than adjudicated.
- The 1998 China Democracy Party Declaration: The Zhejiang Preparatory Committee’s Open Declaration
- The 2004 Decision on Strengthening the Party’s Governing Capacity
- The Central No. 1 Documents on Sannong: China’s Annual Rural Policy Signal Since 2004
- The Abolition of the Agricultural Tax, 2006: Ending China’s Rural Tax Regime
- China’s 2007 Labor Dispute Mediation and Arbitration Law: Free Arbitration, Faster Deadlines, and a Flood of Cases
- The 2012–2014 Launch of the Xi-Era Anti-Corruption Campaign: Eight-Point Rules, “Tigers and Flies,” and Inspection Tours
- The 2013 Third Plenum: China’s “Comprehensively Deepening Reform” Decision
- The 2014 NPCSC 8.31 Decision and Hong Kong’s Umbrella Movement
- China’s 2015 National Security Law: A Comprehensive Statute and a Divided Reception
- China’s 2016–2017 Security Package: The Cybersecurity Law and the Overseas NGO Law
- The 2018 Constitutional Amendment: China’s Presidential Term Limits Removed
- Hong Kong’s 2019 Extradition Bill: The Proposal, the Protests, and the Withdrawal
- The 2020 Hong Kong National Security Law
- The 2020 Wuhan Lockdown and China’s Early COVID-19 Response
- China’s 2007 Property Law: Equal Protection, Socialist Debate, and the “Nail House” Test
Earlier studies & primary-source records
1950s — collectivization and the Anti-Rightist Campaign
- 1953–1957 — Grain and Agricultural Output Statistics, First Five-Year Plan and Collectivization Years
- 1955–1957 — Deng Zihui’s Caution on the Pace of Agricultural Cooperativization
- 1957 Rectification → Anti-Rightist Campaign: Directive Record and Verbatim Criticism Texts
- 1957 Labeled-Person Rosters and Correction-Outcome Records (1957–1980s)
1959–1962 — famine, adjustment, and the Lushan debate
- 1950s Village-Level Resistance to Collectivization & the Absence of Organized Civic Alternatives, 1958-1962
- The 1959–1961 Famine Data Record: County Mortality Documentation and the 1958 Harvest Question
- 1959–1962 — Chen Yun’s Economic-Adjustment Texts
- Zhang Wentian’s July 21, 1959 Lushan Conference speech — full-text location effort (2026-09-24)
1966–1976 — Cultural Revolution
- 1966–1968: Cultural Revolution Directive Texts
- The 1966–1976 Cultural Revolution Mortality Figure Inventory: Competing Series Documented as Non-Interchangeable
- 1966–1976: Cultural Revolution Provincial and Regional Violence — Evidence File
1975–1985 — rectification to reform launch
- Deng Xiaoping’s 1975 Rectification (整顿) Directives — Evidence Family
- 1978–1985 — Reform-Launch Endpoints and Policy Anchors
- 1979–1981 — The Household Responsibility System Debate (包产到户之争)
1980s — reform-era debate and 1989
- 1981: Resolution on Certain Questions — Drafting Records and Reception
- 1985–1988 — Fang Lizhi University Speeches and Liu Xiaobo’s 1988 Interview: Primary Texts and Citation Record
- 1986–1988 — The Political-Reform Research Group’s Drafts (Zhao Ziyang / Bao Tong)
- January 10–15, 1987 Party-Life Meeting on Hu Yaobang — Inaccessible-by-Design Evaluation (Durable Negative Finding)
- 1988–1989 — The Neo-Authoritarianism （新权威主义） Proposal Stream
- 1989 — May Intellectual Declarations, “Urgent Appeal” Texts, and the Beijing Workers’ Autonomous Federation Provisional Memorandum
- 1989 — International Sanctions and Responses after the June Crackdown
1990s — new left, regulation, layoffs
- 1990s — New Left Intellectual Responses and Reform Critiques (Cui Zhiyuan, Wang Hui, Qin Hui; He Qinglian)
- 1991 — The “Huangfu Ping” (皇甫平) Commentaries in Shanghai’s 《解放日报》
- 1991–1998 — Social-Organization Regulation: the 1998 Registration Regulations and their 1991/1993 antecedents
- 1994–2004 — SOE Layoffs (下岗), Worker Protests, and Labour-Organizing Responses